In a large mixing bowl, whisk together the flour, sugar, yeast, and salt. In a small saucepan, heat the milk and butter until warm. Mix the egg into the warm milk mixture and combine with the dry ingredients until a shaggy dough forms.

Transfer the shaggy dough onto a floured surface and knead for 5-6 minutes until smooth and elastic. Shape the dough into a ball and place it in a lightly oiled bowl, turning to coat. Cover with a damp cloth and let rise in a warm area for about 40 minutes.

Prepare the filling by rubbing the orange zest into the sugar until fragrant. Stir in the ground cardamom and a pinch of salt, and set aside.

Once the dough has risen, punch it down, roll into a rectangle, brush with melted butter, and sprinkle the filling evenly. Fold the dough into thirds, cut into strips, and twist to form buns.

Place the shaped buns in a greased baking dish, leaving space between each. Cover loosely and let rise for 25-30 minutes in a warm area.

Preheat the oven to 375°F and bake the buns for 17-18 minutes until golden brown.

While the buns bake, prepare the glaze by heating the orange juice and sugar until dissolved. Remove from heat and whisk in melted butter and a pinch of cardamom.

Once the buns are out of the oven, brush them generously with the glaze while still warm for added sweetness and shine.